CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) adalah suatu bahasa stylesheet yang digunakan untuk mengatur tampilan suatu dokumen yang ditulis dalam bahasa markup.CSS juga dapat diartikan sebagai suatu bahasa yang digunakan untuk mengatur tampilan suatu website, baik tata letaknya, jenis huruf, warna, dan semua yang berhubungan dengan tampilan. Pada umumnya, CSS tu digunakan untuk menformat halaman web yang ditulis dengan HTML ataupun XHTML. CSS memungkinkan halaman yang sama untuk ditampilkan dengan cara yang berbeda untuk metode presentasi yang berbeda, seperti melalui layar, cetak, suara (sewaktu dibacakan oleh browser basis-suara atau pembaca layar), dan juga alat pembaca braille. Halaman HTML atau XML yang sama juga dapat ditampilkan secara berbeda, baik dari segi gaya tampilan atau skema warna dengan menggunakan CSS.
Manfaat CSS :
• Kode HTML menjadi lebih sederhana dan lebih mudah diatur
• Ukuran file menjadi lebih kecil, sehingga load file lebih cepat
• Mudah untuk merubah tampilan, hanya dengan merubah file CSS saja
• Dapat berkolaborasi dengan JavaScript
• Digunakan dalam hampir semua web browser
• CSS memberikan keseragaman pada halaman web
• Dengan CSS dapat menghemat banyak waktu dan pekerjaan berulang. Saat menggunakan CSS, perubahan tidak perlu dilakukan dalam setiap halaman web. Anda hanya perlu membuat perubahan dalam style sheet.
• Layers (Lapisan), seperti item pop-up, dapat digunakan dalam dokumen.
• CSS membantu Anda memelihara halaman web Anda dengan mudah dan efektif.
Aturan penamaan ID:
1. Dapat mengandung huruf, angka, atau karakter garis bawah,
2. Karakter pertama harus berupa huruf atau karakter garis bawah,
3. Diawali dengan tanda #,
4. Jangan memberi nama id sama dengan value,
5. Jangan memberi nama id dengan tag html kemudian diikuti tanda #.
Ada 3 cara untuk menuliskan kode CSS dalam sebuah halaman. Inline style, document-level style, dan external style sheet. Anda bisa menggunakan salah satu dari cara tersebut, atau bahkan, ketiganya bisa digunakan sekaligus.
1.Inline style
Penggunaan seperti ini sangat boros sekali, memperbesar ukuran file, juga melelahkan sekali jika hanya menggunakan cara ini.Fungsi dari inline style sendiri dimaksudkan untuk menunjuk sebuah atau beberapa elemen yang sangat berbeda dari yang lain. Ingat, sebuah atau beberapa elemen, bukan semua elemen.
2.Document-level style
Dibandingkan dengan penggunaan inline style, cara ini bisa lebih jelas dilihat jika anda menuliskan daftar kode CSS. Penggunaan Document-level style berarti anda membuat sebuah elemen HTML bersifat global.
3.External Style sheet
Penggunaan file lain lebih ditekankan pada cara ini. Keuntungan dari cara ini adalah, halaman utama yang lebih kecil, mudah memodifikasi, seperti mengganti tampilan. Kerugiannya, saya pikir hanya dipandang dari adanya file lain yang harus diload ketika sebuah dokumen ditampilkan. Untuk hal ini, rasanya tak perlu khawatir, karena file CSS adalah file teks biasa, yang mempunyai ukuran yang kecil.
Cara ini, bisa dilakukan dengan 2 cara. Dan sampai saat ini masih belum menemukan perbedaan antar kedua cara tersebut.
HaPpy NeW YeaR....
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Jumat, 25 Desember 2009
Materi CSS
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